What are the effects of e-cigarettes on cardiovascular function?
There are estimated 1.3 billion smokers worldwidely, and the incidence of smoking-related diseases and cancer deaths is increasing every year. A variety of smoking cessation drugs, including nicotine replacement therapy, wellbutrin and vanilicin, as well as behavioral support, have been developed by various institutions to be the most effective way to quit smoking. However, even with the best methods, the relapse rate within six months is about 75 per cent. E-cigarettes use batteries to electrically heat a solution containing propylene glycol or glycerin, water, flavouring agents and nicotine as an alternative to conventional cigarettes. E-cigarettes have become the most popular smoking cessation aid in England, but information about their impact on cardiovascular function is limited. What are the effects of e-cigarettes on cardiovascular function?
e-cigarette have become the most popular smoking cessation aid in England, And there is evidence that they are effective as AIDS to smoking cessation. However, data on their effects on cardiovascular function are limited and there is a lack of consensus on their potential effects in the smoking cessation community: consequently, further research has been requested by the European Parliament, the British Medical Association, regulatory agencies, clinicians and researchers Lancet; BMC Public Health; As e-cigarettes are not solely nicotine-based products, existing research exploring the effects of nicotine on the cardio-vasculature.
Methods
This is a practical, 3-group, randomized, evaluator blind, single-center trial to explore the cardiovascular physiological effects of using e-cigarettes nicotine-free and nicotine-free, assessed separately, combined with behavioral support as a smoking cessation method compared with a combination of NRT and behavioral support.The primary outcome will be macro-vascular function, determined by a Flow Mediated Dilatation ultrasound assessment, 6 months following participants’ “quit date”.
Conclusion
Participants will be assessed at baseline, 3 days following their self-determined “quit date”, at intervention end 3 months and 6 months following their “quite date”. Findings are expected to give an indication of the cardiovascular effects of e-cigarettes both in the short- and in the medium-term period, informing the general public, policy holders and researchers, helping to define the future role of e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation aid.
